ตารางการหดตัวของไม้ชนิดต่างๆ Wood Shrinkage Table
The following table presents average shrinkage values, from green to ovendry, for a number of commercially important woods. The?values are expressed as a percentage of the green dimension for radial, tangential, and tangential to radial (T/R) shrinkage.
Source: U.S. Forest Products Laboratory
ตารางข้างล่างแสดงการหดตัวเฉลี่ยของไม้ชนิดต่างๆจากไม้สดจนถึงไม้ที่อบแห้ง โดยตัวเลขที่แสดงจะระบุเป็นเปอร์เซนต์ของการหดตัวตามรัศมี (Radial) ตามเส้นสัมผัส(Tangential) และในช่องสุดท้ายจะเป็นอัตราส่วนของการหดตัวทั้ง2แนว
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| Wood Species |
% Radial Shrinkage |
% Tangential Shrinkage |
Tangential/ Radial |
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| U. S. Hardwoods | |||
| Alder, Red |
4.4 |
7.3 |
1.7 |
| Ash, Black |
5.0 |
7.8 |
1.6 |
| Ash, Blue |
3.9 |
6.5 |
1.7 |
| Ash, Green |
4.6 |
7.1 |
1.5 |
| Ash, Oregon |
4.1 |
8.1 |
2.0 |
| Ash, White |
4.9 |
7.8 |
1.6 |
| Aspen, Bigtooth |
3.3 |
7.9 |
2.4 |
| Aspen, Quaking |
3.5 |
6.7 |
1.9 |
| Basswood |
6.6 |
9.3 |
1.4 |
| Beech, American |
5.5 |
11.9 |
2.2 |
| Birch, Alaska Paper |
6.5 |
9.9 |
1.5 |
| Birch, Paper |
6.3 |
8.6 |
1.4 |
| Birch, River |
4.7 |
9.2 |
2.0 |
| Birch, Sweet |
6.5 |
9.0 |
1.4 |
| Birch, Yellow |
7.3 |
9.5 |
1.3 |
| Buckeye, Yellow |
3.6 |
8.1 |
2.3 |
| Butternut |
3.4 |
6.4 |
1.9 |
| California-laurel |
3.0 |
9.0 |
3.0 |
| Catalpa, Northern |
2.0 |
5.0 |
2.5 |
| Cherry, Black |
3.7 |
7.1 |
1.9 |
| Chestnut, American |
3.4 |
6.7 |
2.0 |
| Cottonwood, Balsam Poplar |
3.0 |
7.1 |
2.4 |
| Cottonwood, Black |
3.6 |
8.6 |
2.4 |
| Cottonwood, Eastern |
3.9 |
9.2 |
2.4 |
| Dogwood, Flowering |
7.0 |
12.0 |
1.7 |
| Elm, American |
4.2 |
9.5 |
2.3 |
| Elm, Cedar |
4.7 |
10.2 |
2.2 |
| Elm, Rock |
4.8 |
8.1 |
1.7 |
| Elm, Slippery |
4.9 |
8.9 |
1.8 |
| Elm, Winged |
5.3 |
11.6 |
2.2 |
| Hackberry |
4.8 |
8.9 |
1.9 |
| Hickory, Pecan |
4.9 |
8.9 |
1.8 |
| Hickory, Mockernut |
7.7 |
11.0 |
1.4 |
| Hickory, Pignut |
7.2 |
11.5 |
1.6 |
| Hickory, Shagbark |
7.0 |
10.5 |
1.5 |
| Hickory, Shellbark |
7.6 |
12.6 |
1.7 |
| Holly, American |
4.8 |
9.9 |
2.1 |
| Honeylocust |
4.2 |
6.6 |
1.6 |
| Hophornbeam |
9.0 |
10.0 |
1.1 |
| Horse Chestnut |
2.0 |
3.0 |
1.5 |
| Locust, Black |
4.6 |
7.2 |
1.6 |
| Madrone, Pacific |
5.6 |
12.4 |
2.2 |
| Magnolia, Cucumbertree |
5.2 |
8.8 |
1.7 |
| Magnolia, Southern |
5.4 |
6.6 |
1.2 |
| Sweetbay |
4.7 |
8.3 |
1.8 |
| Maple, Bigleaf |
3.7 |
7.1 |
1.9 |
| Maple, Black |
4.8 |
9.3 |
1.9 |
| Maple, Red |
4.0 |
8.2 |
2.1 |
| Maple, Silver |
3.0 |
7.2 |
2.4 |
| Maple, Striped |
3.2 |
8.6 |
2.7 |
| Maple, Sugar |
4.8 |
9.9 |
2.1 |
| Mesquite |
2.2 |
2.6 |
1.1 |
| Oak, Black |
4.4 |
11.1 |
2.5 |
| Oak, Laurel |
4.0 |
9.9 |
2.5 |
| Oak, Northern Red |
4.0 |
8.6 |
2.2 |
| Oak, Pin |
4.3 |
9.5 |
2.2 |
| Oak, Scarlet |
4.4 |
10.8 |
2.5 |
| Oak, Southern Red |
4.7 |
11.3 |
2.4 |
| Oak, Water |
4.4 |
9.8 |
2.2 |
| Oak, Willow |
5.0 |
9.6 |
1.9 |
| Oak, Bur |
4.4 |
8.8 |
2.0 |
| Oak, Chestnut |
5.3 |
10.8 |
2.0 |
| Oak, Live |
6.6 |
9.5 |
1.4 |
| Oak, Overcup |
5.3 |
12.7 |
2.4 |
| Oak, Post |
5.4 |
9.8 |
1.8 |
| Oak, Swamp Chestnut |
5.2 |
10.8 |
2.1 |
| Oak, White |
5.6 |
10.5 |
1.9 |
| Persimmon,Common |
7.9 |
11.2 |
1.4 |
| Sassafras |
4.0 |
6.2 |
1.6 |
| Sweetgum |
5.3 |
10.2 |
1.9 |
| Sycamore, American |
5.0 |
8.4 |
1.7 |
| Tanoak |
4.9 |
11.7 |
2.4 |
| Tupelo, Black |
5.1 |
8.7 |
1.7 |
| Tupelo, Water |
4.2 |
7.6 |
1.8 |
| Walnut, Black |
5.5 |
7.8 |
1.4 |
| Willow, Black |
3.3 |
8.7 |
2.6 |
| Yellow-poplar |
4.6 |
8.2 |
1.8 |
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| U. S. Softwoods | |||
| Baldcypress |
3.8 |
6.2 |
1.6 |
| Cedar, Alaska- |
2.8 |
6.0 |
2.1 |
| Cedar, Atlantic White |
2.9 |
5.4 |
1.9 |
| Cedar, Eastern Redcedar |
3.1 |
4.7 |
1.5 |
| Cedar, Incense |
3.3 |
5.2 |
1.6 |
| Cedar, Northern White |
2.2 |
4.9 |
2.2 |
| Cedar, Port-Orford |
4.6 |
6.9 |
1.5 |
| Cedar, Western Redcedar |
2.4 |
5.0 |
2.1 |
| Douglas-fir, Coast |
4.8 |
7.6 |
1.6 |
| Douglas-fir, Interior North |
3.8 |
6.9 |
1.8 |
| Douglas-fir, Interior West |
4.8 |
7.5 |
1.6 |
| Fir, Balsam |
2.9 |
6.9 |
2.4 |
| Fir, California Red |
4.5 |
7.9 |
1.8 |
| Fir, Grand |
3.4 |
7.5 |
2.2 |
| Fir, Noble |
4.3 |
8.3 |
1.9 |
| Fir, Pacific Silver |
4.4 |
9.2 |
2.1 |
| Fir, Subalpine |
2.6 |
7.4 |
2.8 |
| Fir, White |
3.3 |
7.0 |
2.1 |
| Hemlock, Eastern |
3.0 |
6.8 |
2.3 |
| Hemlock,Mountain |
4.4 |
7.1 |
1.6 |
| Hemlock,Western |
4.2 |
7.8 |
1.9 |
| Larch, Western |
4.5 |
9.1 |
2.0 |
| Pine, Eastern White |
2.1 |
6.1 |
2.9 |
| Pine, Jack |
3.7 |
6.6 |
1.8 |
| Pine, Loblolly |
4.8 |
7.4 |
1.5 |
| Pine, Lodgepole |
4.3 |
6.7 |
1.6 |
| Pine, Longleaf |
5.1 |
7.5 |
1.5 |
| Pine, Pitch |
4.0 |
7.1 |
1.8 |
| Pine, Pond |
5.1 |
7.1 |
1.4 |
| Pine, Ponderosa |
3.9 |
6.2 |
1.6 |
| Pine, Red |
3.8 |
7.2 |
1.9 |
| Pine, Shortleaf |
4.6 |
7.7 |
1.7 |
| Pine, Slash |
5.4 |
7.6 |
1.4 |
| Pine, Sugar |
2.9 |
5.6 |
1.9 |
| Pine, Virginia |
4.2 |
7.2 |
1.7 |
| Pine, Western White |
4.1 |
7.4 |
1.8 |
| Redwood, Old-Growth |
2.6 |
4.4 |
1.7 |
| Redwood, Young-Growth |
2.2 |
4.9 |
2.2 |
| Spruce, Black |
4.1 |
6.8 |
1.7 |
| Spruce, Engelmann |
3.8 |
7.1 |
1.9 |
| Spruce, Red |
3.8 |
7.8 |
2.1 |
| Spruce, Sitka |
4.3 |
7.5 |
1.7 |
| Tamarack |
3.7 |
7.4 |
2.0 |
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| Woods Imported into U. S. | |||
| Afrormosia |
3.0 |
6.4 |
2.1 |
| Albarco |
2.8 |
5.4 |
1.9 |
| Albizia |
3.0 |
6.0 |
2.0 |
| Almendrillo |
5.5 |
8.2 |
1.5 |
| Andiroba |
3.1 |
7.6 |
2.5 |
| Angelin |
4.6 |
9.8 |
2.1 |
| Angelique |
5.2 |
8.8 |
1.7 |
| Apitong |
5.2 |
10.9 |
2.1 |
| Ayan |
3.0 |
5.0 |
1.7 |
| Azobe |
8.4 |
11.0 |
1.3 |
| Balata |
6.3 |
9.4 |
1.5 |
| Balsa |
3.0 |
7.6 |
2.5 |
| Banak |
4.6 |
8.8 |
1.9 |
| Benge |
5.2 |
8.6 |
1.7 |
| Bubinga |
5.8 |
8.4 |
1.4 |
| Caribbean |
6.3 |
7.8 |
1.2 |
| Cativo |
2.4 |
5.3 |
2.2 |
| Cedar, South American |
4.0 |
6.0 |
1.5 |
| Ceylon Satinwood |
6.0 |
7.0 |
1.2 |
| Cocobolo |
3.0 |
4.0 |
1.3 |
| Courbaril |
4.5 |
8.5 |
1.9 |
| Cuangare |
4.2 |
9.4 |
2.2 |
| Degame |
5.0 |
9.0 |
1.8 |
| Determa |
3.7 |
7.6 |
2.1 |
| Ebony |
5.5 |
6.5 |
1.2 |
| Freijo |
4.0 |
7.0 |
1.8 |
| Gmelina |
2.4 |
4.9 |
2.0 |
| Greenheart |
8.8 |
9.6 |
1.1 |
| Hura |
2.7 |
4.5 |
1.7 |
| lpe |
6.6 |
8.0 |
1.2 |
| lroko |
2.8 |
3.8 |
1.4 |
| Jarrah |
4.6 |
6.6 |
1.4 |
| Jelutong |
2.0 |
4.0 |
2.0 |
| Kaneelhart |
5.4 |
7.9 |
1.5 |
| Kapur |
4.6 |
10.2 |
2.2 |
| Karri |
7.2 |
10.7 |
1.5 |
| Kempas |
6.0 |
7.4 |
1.2 |
| Keruing |
5.2 |
10.9 |
2.1 |
| Lauan |
3.8 |
8.0 |
2.1 |
| Limba |
4.5 |
6.2 |
1.4 |
| Macawood |
2.7 |
3.5 |
1.3 |
| Mahogany, African |
2.5 |
4.5 |
1.8 |
| Mahogany, True |
3.0 |
4.1 |
1.4 |
| Manbarklak |
5.8 |
10.3 |
1.8 |
| Manni |
5.7 |
9.7 |
1.7 |
| Marishballi |
7.5 |
11.7 |
1.6 |
| Merbau |
2.7 |
4.6 |
1.7 |
| Mersawa |
4.0 |
9.0 |
2.3 |
| Mora |
6.9 |
9.8 |
1.4 |
| Obeche |
3.0 |
5.4 |
1.8 |
| Ocota |
4.6 |
7.5 |
1.6 |
| Okoume |
4.1 |
6.1 |
1.5 |
| Opepe |
4.5 |
8.4 |
1.9 |
| Parana pine |
4.0 |
7.9 |
2.0 |
| Pau Marfim |
4.6 |
8.8 |
1.9 |
| Peroba Rosa |
3.8 |
6.4 |
1.7 |
| Piquia |
5.0 |
8.0 |
1.6 |
| Pilon |
5.4 |
11.7 |
2.2 |
| Primavera |
3.1 |
5.1 |
1.6 |
| Purpleheart |
3.2 |
6.1 |
1.9 |
| Queensland walnut |
5.0 |
9.0 |
1.8 |
| Ramin |
4.3 |
8.7 |
2.0 |
| Roble (Quercus spp) |
6.4 |
11.7 |
1.8 |
| Roble (Tabebuia spp) |
3.6 |
6.1 |
1.7 |
| Rosewood, Brazilian |
2.9 |
4.6 |
1.6 |
| Rosewood, Indian |
2.7 |
5.8 |
2.1 |
| Santa Maria |
4.6 |
8.0 |
1.7 |
| Sapele |
4.6 |
7.4 |
1.6 |
| Sepetir |
3.7 |
7.0 |
1.9 |
| Spanish-cedar |
4.2 |
6.3 |
1.5 |
| Teak |
2.5 |
5.8 |
2.3 |
| Wallaba |
3.6 |
6.9 |
1.9 |